Sadly, this doesn't work quite as well when creating SSL-based virtual hosts. Some of the settings that we assume will become defaults - don't!
If you get strange error messages when connecting to your SSL-based virtual host, it's probably because you need to copy some of the details in conf.d/ssl.conf to your virtual host definition. Here are the ones that tripped me up recently:
Once I realized that this was an issue I just copied out all the active lines from conf.d/ssl.conf - probably a bit of overkill. Still, it solved the problem.
That being said, there's no solution more effective than reading the docs to avoid trouble in the first place. Diligent admins will refresh their memories by reviewing the docs (something I failed to do recently... hence this note!)
Documentation for the SSLEngine directive is here. Don't forget to review the Apache mod_ssl FAQ.